The AI Field Guide / W

Letter W

3 terms, explained without the techno-murk.

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Weak AI (narrow AI)

Everyday

AI designed for a limited task or range of tasks rather than general human-like ability.

'Weak' does not mean useless or poor. A narrow system may outperform every person at one job while being unable to do anything outside it, like a brilliant chess player who cannot make a cup of tea.

For example

A model that detects tumours in scans but cannot write an email is narrow AI.

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Weights

Deeper

The learned numbers inside a neural network that control how strongly signals affect one another.

Weights are a major part of a model's parameters. Training adjusts them across many examples. A downloadable model is often distributed as a large weights file plus code and configuration.

For example

Tiny changes across many weights gradually improve a model's predictions.

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World model

Newer term

An internal model of how an environment works and how it may change after an action.

It is like a small simulator inside the AI. By imagining possible next states, the system can plan before acting. A world model is always a simplified representation and may miss important parts of reality.

For example

A robot predicts that pushing a cup near the table's edge could make it fall.

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